Nestled in the heart of Pretoria, the Palace of Justice is an iconic landmark that stands as a testament to the city's rich history. It majestically forms part of the northern façade of Church Square, with its captivating architecture telling tales of South Africa's colorful past.
The Palace of Justice owes its stunning design to Dutch architect Sytze Wierda. Constructed under the watchful eyes of the Departement van Publieke Werken (DPW), Wierda partnered with builder John Munro to bring this masterpiece to life. The structure is a reflection of the Eclectic Wilhelmiens style, blended with Italianate influences, which was popular during the late nineteenth century.
One cannot speak of the palace without mentioning the significant event on June 8, 1897. On this day, the foundation stone was ceremoniously laid by the South African Republic (ZAR) President, Paul Kruger. It was a mark of hope and growth for the city.
However, history had other plans. As the palace's construction was underway, the Second Boer War erupted, and the yet-to-be-completed structure was transformed. The majestic building, envisioned to be the Transvaal Supreme Court, temporarily served as a hospital for British soldiers, becoming the Irish Hospital during the tumultuous times of the Anglo-Boer War.
By 1901, the smoke of war had cleared, and the Palace of Justice, with all its grand fittings and decorations, was ready to assume its intended role. It had come at a significant cost, totaling £115,260, a hefty sum for its era.
One step inside the palace, and you are transported to a different time. The intricate interior boasts a delightful blend of British and Dutch influences. From the British floor tiles to the Dutch stained-glass ceiling, the architectural features are a feast for the eyes. The ornate sconce lamps cast a warm glow, illuminating the carved dark wood dais reserved for the judge. Adjacent to this is a jury box, adorned with red leather seats. These seats, now vacant, echo the days before 1969 when South Africa decided to abolish its jury system.
The Palace of Justice is not just a building; it's a living narrative of Pretoria's past. From its foundation to the present day as the headquarters of the Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa, its walls hold stories of ambition, conflict, resilience, and evolution. A visit to this iconic landmark provides not just an architectural feast but also a deep dive into the annals of South African history.